A QUICK GUIDE TO ARDUINO
Arduino
is an open-source platform that serves as both hardware and software. This is
useful in designing and building a prototype. The Arduino board is made up of a
variety of microprocessors and controllers. It is used for designing microcontroller-based
project kits. The Arduino board which is referred to as microcontroller is used
as hardware and Arduino IDE (an Integrated Development Environment) is used as
a readymade software for processing the data.
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Arduino is a cross
platform, and it can be run on Windows, Linux and Mac OS.
Functioning of Arduino
·
The Arduino board consists of a set of
analog and digital input or output pins. This will enable the board to read
analog or digital input signals and provide an appropriate output. Arduino
boards can read input signals from different sensors.
·
Arduino delivers output in many forms like
turning ON/OFF an LED, connecting to IoT or cloud platform, activating a motor
etc.
·
Arduino board can be interfaced with the
software with the help of an USB cable.
·
The board uses simple programming language
C++.
·
Arduino board can be connected to other
components with the help of breadboards or other circuits.
Major types of Arduino
boards
Arduino UNO
Arduino UNO R3 is the most popular and most frequently used
microcontroller board. UNO consists of ATMega328P microcontroller. Arduino UNO
contains 14 digital I/O pins, 6 analog inputs, 6 output pins can be used as
Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) outputs, serial port, USB port. Arduino UNO board
can be used for simpler projects. If you are a first-time user of Arduino, then
Arduino UNO and NANO are the best option.
Arduino NANO is a smaller version of UNO. It can be
interfaced on the breadboard. Arduino NANO consists of all the essential
features as in UNO in the form of SMD (Surface Mount Device), meaning the
device can be easily mounted on breadboard or PCB board. There are 14 input and
output pins where 6 pins are used for PWM outputs. Arduino NANO has two analog
pins when compared to UNO.
Arduino Micro
Arduino
Micro is also smaller in size than UNO. The Arduino Micro board depends on the
ATmega32U4 microcontroller. Micro board consists of 20 set of pins, 12 analog
input pins where, 7 pins are used for PWM. Arduino micro consists of an inbuilt
USB connection and therefore Vin pin is used to turn ON the board. The
disadvantage of using a micro board is that it is not compatible with standard
Arduino shields.
Lilypad Arduino
Lilypad Arduino board is specially used for e-textile
purpose. It can be used in wearable technology. Lilypad board consists of I/O
pins, power connections and sensors. This board can be sewed into the clothes,
and it is washable (a water-resistant board). The Lilypad board was designed by
“Leah” and “Spark fun”.
Arduino MEGA
Arduino MEGA consists of an old microcontroller ATMega2560,
and it is similar to UNO. This board is slightly larger than other Arduino
boards with 101mm length and 53.3 mm width. Also, Arduino MEGA has the largest
flash memory compared to other boards. It consists of 6 analog input pins and
14 pins are used for PWM output. This board is useful in designing projects
similar to clocks, embedded door locks etc.
Arduino BT
Arduino BT is a Bluetooth enabled Arduino board. It works
based on ATMega168 microcontroller. It
consists of 14 digital pins I/O pins and 6 are analog pins. The screw terminals
are used as a power source. This board can be used for a wireless connection.
Arduino Ethernet
Arduino Ethernet has ethernet capabilities. Ethernet
Arduino board uses ATMega328 microcontroller. This consists of 14 digital I/O
pins, 6 analog pins and 4 PWM output. It also consists of a micro-SD card
reader. Arduino ethernet can be used to develop projects like RFID reader,
creating attendance system, and other ethernet enabled devices.
Applications of Arduino
1.
Arduino in Medical Industry
Arduino
along with certain sensors is used to develop prototypes of medical monitoring devices
that can monitor vital body parameters like ECG, Heart rate, temperature,
Oxygen saturation, blood pressure etc. It is also used to develop assist
devices like, detect fall detection in elderly patients or those with severe
neurological disorder, assist for the blind in mobility, aid with Alzheimer patients
and so on.
2.
In real time applications
Arduino
is used in real time application such as in remote controlled devices, robotic
devices, security alarms, biometric devices etc. It is also used in Internet of
Things (IoT) platform to develop systems incorporated with internet for
wireless communication. Some examples include Drones, and telemedicine system.
3.
In Automation industry
Arduino
boards are used in traffic management system, automated streetlights, home
automation devices.
4.
In Data storage
Arduino
helps in storing data in a secured way. The data are collected by Arduino and
are stored in the memory card or uploaded to Arduino cloud.
Hope you find this informative 👍
If you know any other information about Arduino, feel free to comment down in the comments section.
Thank you BioMed's.
Article by,
Sumi :-)
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